Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Anthocyanin content and radical scavenging activity of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Vaccinium uliginosum on ( A ) skin water-holding capacity, ( B ) transepidermal water loss (TEWL), ( C ) erythema value, and ( D ) skinfold thickness in ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated mouse skin. NOR: normal group; CON: UVB-control group; EL: low dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EM: middle dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EH: high dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each group. Symbols indicate significant differences at # p < 0.05 and ### p < 0.001 vs. NOR group and * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. CON group.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Irradiation

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Vaccinium uliginosum on ( A ) total wrinkle area, ( B ) number of wrinkles, ( C ) mean wrinkle length, ( D ) wrinkle depth, and ( E ) mean wrinkle depth in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. NOR: normal group; CON: UVB-control group; EL: low dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EM: middle dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EH: high dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each group. Symbols indicate significant differences at ### p < 0.001 vs. NOR group and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 vs. CON group.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Irradiation

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Vaccinium uliginosum on histological alteration of epidermal thickness ( A , C ) and collagen degradation ( B , D ) in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. NOR: normal group; CON: UVB-control group; EL: low dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EM: middle dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EH: high dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each group. Symbols indicate significant differences at # p < 0.05 and ### p < 0.001 vs. NOR group and * p < 0.05 and *** p < 0.001 vs. CON group.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Irradiation

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Vaccinium uliginosum on mRNA expression of ( A – C ) matrix metalloproteinases ( MMP s), ( D , E ) tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases ( TIMP s), ( F ) collagen type I alpha 1 chain ( COL1a1 ) and ( G ) hyaluronidase ( HYAL ) in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. NOR: normal group; CON: UVB-control group; EL: low dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EM: middle dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EH: high dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each group. Symbols indicate significant differences at # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, and ### p < 0.001 vs. NOR group and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 vs. CON group.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Expressing, Irradiation

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Vaccinium uliginosum on antioxidant-related mRNA expression of ( A ) SOD1 , ( B ) CAT, and ( C ) GPx in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. NOR: normal group; CON: UVB-control group; EL: low dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EM: middle dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EH: high dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each group. Symbols indicate significant differences at # p < 0.05 and ### p < 0.001 vs. NOR group and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 vs. CON group.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Expressing, Irradiation

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Vaccinium uliginosum on the protein level of ( A ) c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), ( B ) extracellular signal regulated kinase (p-ERK), and ( C ) p-p38 in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. Western blot and protein quantifications are shown. NOR: normal group; CON: UVB-control group; EL: low dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EM: middle dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EH: high dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each group. Symbols indicate significant differences at # p < 0.05 vs. NOR group and * p < 0.05 vs. CON group.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Irradiation, Western Blot

Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: An Anthocyanin-Enriched Extract from Vaccinium uliginosum Improves Signs of Skin Aging in UVB-Induced Photodamage

doi: 10.3390/antiox9090844

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Vaccinium uliginosum on cytokine level of ( A ) IL-6, ( B ) IL-12, and ( C ) TNF-α in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. NOR: normal group; CON: UVB-control group; EL: low dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EM: middle dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group; EH: high dose of ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum- treated group. Values are means ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for each group. Symbols indicate significant differences at # p < 0.05 and ## p < 0.01 vs. NOR group and * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. CON group.

Article Snippet: The ethanol-extracted V. uliginosum samples used in the experiments were obtained from Chong Kun Dang Co., (Seoul, Korea).

Techniques: Irradiation